feat(bucket_sort): add bucket_sort code in go/c (#443)

* feat(bucket_sort): add bucket_sort code in go/c

* feat(go): add bucket_sort

* feat(c): add bucket_sort in c

* Update bucket_sort_test.go

---------

Co-authored-by: Yudong Jin <krahets@163.com>

codes/c/chapter_sorting/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 add_executable(bubble_sort bubble_sort.c)
+add_executable(bucket_sort bucket_sort.c)
 add_executable(insertion_sort insertion_sort.c)
 add_executable(quick_sort quick_sort.c)
 add_executable(counting_sort counting_sort.c)

codes/c/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort.c

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * File: bucket_sort.c
+ * Created Time: 2023-03-27
+ * Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.h"
+
+/* 冒泡排序 */
+void bucketSort(double nums[], int size) {
+    // 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素
+    int k = size / 2;
+	// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中
+    // 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]
+    // 将 num 添加进桶 i
+
+	// 2. 对各个桶执行排序
+
+	// 使用内置切片排序函数，也可以替换成其它排序算法
+
+	// 3. 遍历桶合并结果
+
+}
+
+/* Driver Code */
+int main() {
+    // 设输入数据为浮点数，范围为 [0, 1)
+    double nums[] = {0.49, 0.96, 0.82, 0.09, 0.57, 0.43, 0.91, 0.75, 0.15, 0.37};
+    int size = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(double);
+    bucketSort(nums, size);
+
+    printf("桶排序完成后 nums = ");
+    printf("[");
+    for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
+        printf("%g, ", nums[i]);
+    }
+    printf("]");
+}

codes/c/include/print_util.h

@@ -28,20 +28,20 @@ extern "C" {
 static void printArray(int arr[], int size) {
     printf("[");
     if (arr != NULL && size != 0) {
-      for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
-          if (arr[i] != NIL) {
-              printf("%d, ", arr[i]);
-          } else {
-              printf("NULL, ");
-          }
-      }
-      if (arr[size - 1] != NIL) {
-          printf("%d]\n", arr[size - 1]);
-      } else {
-          printf("NULL]\n");
-      }
+        for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
+            if (arr[i] != NIL) {
+                printf("%d, ", arr[i]);
+            } else {
+                printf("NULL, ");
+            }
+        }
+        if (arr[size - 1] != NIL) {
+            printf("%d]\n", arr[size - 1]);
+        } else {
+            printf("NULL]\n");
+        }
     } else {
-      printf("]");
+        printf("]");
     }
 }
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ static void printTree(TreeNode *root) {
  * @param size
  */
 static void printHeap(int arr[], int size) {
-    TreeNode * root;
+    TreeNode *root;
     printf("堆的数组表示：");
     printArray(arr, size);
     printf("堆的树状表示：\n");

codes/go/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// File: bucket_sort.go
+// Created Time: 2023-03-27
+// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
+
+package chapter_sorting
+
+import "sort"
+
+/* 桶排序 */
+func bucketSort(nums []float64) {
+	// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素
+	k := len(nums) / 2
+	buckets := make([][]float64, k)
+	for i := 0; i < k; i++ {
+		buckets[i] = make([]float64, 0)
+	}
+	// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中
+	for _, num := range nums {
+		// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]
+		i := int(num) * k
+		// 将 num 添加进桶 i
+		buckets[i] = append(buckets[i], num)
+	}
+	// 2. 对各个桶执行排序
+	for i := 0; i < k; i++ {
+		// 使用内置切片排序函数，也可以替换成其它排序算法
+		sort.Float64s(buckets[i])
+	}
+	// 3. 遍历桶合并结果
+	i := 0
+	for _, bucket := range buckets {
+		for _, num := range bucket {
+			nums[i] = num
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+}

codes/go/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// File: bucket_sort_test.go
+// Created Time: 2023-03-27
+// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
+
+package chapter_sorting
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestBucketSort(t *testing.T) {
+	// 设输入数据为浮点数，范围为 [0, 1)
+	nums := []float64{0.49, 0.96, 0.82, 0.09, 0.57, 0.43, 0.91, 0.75, 0.15, 0.37}
+	bucketSort(nums)
+	fmt.Println("桶排序完成后 nums = ", nums)
+}